World Diabetes Day: The Impact of Nutrition on Type II Diabetes

World Diabetes Day is observed on November 14 each year, serving as a global platform to raise awareness about diabetes and its effects on individuals and communities. This year’s theme, “Breaking Barriers, Bridging Gaps,” highlights our dedication to minimising diabetes risk and ensuring that everyone diagnosed with diabetes receives fair, inclusive, affordable, and high-quality treatment and care. As we mark this day, it is essential to explore how nutrition significantly influences the prevention and management of type II diabetes.

 

Understanding Type II Diabetes

Type II diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how the body processes blood sugar (glucose). Lifestyle factors such as poor diet, obesity, and lack of physical activity increase the risk of developing this condition. However, adopting a healthier diet can dramatically reduce this risk and assist in managing the disease effectively.

 

The Low Glycemic Index Diet

One notable dietary approach for managing and preventing type II diabetes is the Low Glycemic Index (GI) diet. The GI measures how quickly carbohydrate-containing food raises blood sugar levels. Foods with a low GI (55 or less) are digested more slowly, resulting in a gradual increase in blood sugar. This helps maintain stable insulin levels and improves overall glucose control.

Benefits of a Low GI Diet

  1. Enhanced Insulin Sensitivity: Low GI foods can improve how the body responds to insulin, thereby reducing blood sugar spikes after meals.
  2. Weight Management: These foods often provide a greater feeling of fullness, which can assist in weight loss or maintenance—critical for diabetes management.
  3. Lower Risk of Complications: A stable blood sugar level can help mitigate the risk of long-term complications associated with diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease and nerve damage.

Low GI Food Examples

  • Whole grains (e.g., steel-cut oats, brown rice, whole-grain bread)
  • Legumes (e.g., lentils, chickpeas)
  • Vegetables (e.g. carrots, peas)
  • Most fruits (especially berries and apples)
  • Dairy products (e.g., low-fat or skim milk, unsweetened yogurt, cheese)

 

Adopting a Plant-Based Diet

Another beneficial dietary strategy is a plant-based diet, which focuses on whole foods derived from plants, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds. Research indicates that such diets can significantly enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose regulation.

Advantages of a Plant-Based Diet

  1. High Nutrient Density: Plant-based foods are typically rich in essential nutrients while being lower in calories and unhealthy fats. This density supports overall health and can prevent obesity.
  2. Rich in Fibre: A diet high in fibre is linked to improved blood sugar control, as it slows digestion and sugar absorption.
  3. Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Many plant foods contain antioxidants that can reduce inflammation, a key factor in insulin resistance.
  4. Support for Weight Management: Like low GI foods, plant-based options can help individuals maintain a healthy weight.

Examples of Plant-Based Foods

  • Leafy greens (e.g., kale, spinach)
  • Whole grains (e.g., quinoa, brown rice)
  • Legumes (e.g., red kidney beans, chickpeas)
  • Nuts and seeds (e.g., almonds, sunflower seeds)

 

The Importance of Muscle Mass

In addition to dietary changes, maintaining lean muscle mass is crucial for enhancing insulin sensitivity and managing blood sugar levels. Muscle tissue plays a significant role in glucose metabolism, and a higher muscle mass can improve the body’s ability to use insulin effectively.

How Muscle Mass Affects Insulin Sensitivity

  1. Glucose Utilisation: Muscle cells are primary sites for glucose uptake. Increasing muscle mass enhances the body’s capacity to store and utilise glucose, helping to regulate blood sugar more effectively.
  2. Increased Metabolic Rate: Muscle tissue is metabolically active, which means it burns calories even at rest. This helps with weight management, further supporting insulin sensitivity.
  3. Hormonal Balance: More muscle mass positively influences hormones involved in glucose regulation, including insulin, making the body more responsive to its effects.

Strategies to Maintain Muscle Mass

With age, individuals often experience a natural decline in muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, which can adversely affect insulin sensitivity. Here are some strategies to maintain healthy muscle mass and prevent loss:

  1. Engage in Strength Training: Regular resistance exercises, such as weight lifting or body-weight workouts, help build and sustain muscle.
  2. Ensure Adequate Protein Intake: Sufficient protein is vital for muscle maintenance. Older adults should aim for higher protein consumption to combat muscle loss, with sources including lean meats, fish, dairy, legumes, and plant proteins.
  3. Stay Active: Incorporating physical activity into daily life—such as walking or gardening—contributes to muscle health beyond formal exercise routines.

 

Conclusion

As we commemorate World Diabetes Day, it is vital to recognise the significant role that nutrition plays in preventing and managing type II diabetes. Adopting a low glycemic index diet and a plant-based eating plan can lead to improved insulin sensitivity and better blood sugar control. Additionally, maintaining muscle mass is essential for enhancing metabolic health. By making informed dietary choices and incorporating regular physical activity, individuals can take proactive steps to reduce their risk of developing diabetes and effectively manage their condition.

 

世界糖尿病日：營養對第二型糖尿病的影響

每年11 月14日是世界糖尿病日，旨在作為一個全球平台，提高人們對糖尿病及其對個人和社區影響的認識。今年的主題是“打破障礙，搭建橋樑”，突顯了我們致力於降低糖尿病風險，並確保每位被診斷為糖尿病的人都能獲得公平、包容、負擔得起和高質量的治療與護理。在紀念這一天的同時，我們必須深入探討營養如何顯著影響第二型糖尿病的預防和管理。

 

了解第二型糖尿病

第二型糖尿病是一種慢性疾病，影響身體處理血糖（葡萄糖）的方式。生活方式因素，如不良飲食、肥胖和缺乏體力活動，增加了患此病的風險。然而，採用更健康的飲食可以顯著降低風險，並有效管理疾病。

 

低升糖指數飲食

管理和預防第二型糖尿病的一種顯著飲食方法是低升糖指數（GI）飲食。GI測量碳水化合物食物對血糖水平的影響。低GI（55或以下）的食物消化較慢，導致血糖平穩上升，有助於穩定胰島素水平和改善整體血糖控制。

低GI飲食的好處

  1. 增強胰島素敏感性：低GI食物改善身體對胰島素的反應，減少餐後血糖的急劇上升。
  2. 體重管理：這些食物通常提供更強的飽腹感，有助於減重或維持體重，這對糖尿病管理至關重要。
  3. 降低併發症風險：穩定的血糖水平有助於減少與糖尿病相關的長期併發症風險，如心血管疾病和神經損傷。

低GI食物的例子

  • 全穀類（例如鋼切燕麥、糙米、全穀麵包）
  • 豆類（例如扁豆、鷹嘴豆）
  • 蔬菜（例如蘿蔔、豌豆）
  • 大多數水果（特別是莓果和蘋果）
  • 乳製品（例如低脂或脫脂牛奶、無添加糖乳酪、芝士）

 

採用植物性飲食

另一種有益的飲食策略是植物性飲食，重點是來自植物的全食物，包括水果、蔬菜、全穀類、豆類、果仁和種子。研究表明，這種飲食可以顯著提高胰島素敏感性和血糖控制。

植物性飲食的優勢

  1. 高營養密度：植物性食物通常富含重要營養素，同時熱量和不健康脂肪含量較低，這有助於整體健康，並能預防肥胖。
  2. 富含纖維：高纖維攝入與改善血糖控制有關，因為纖維可以減緩消化和糖的吸收。
  3. 抗炎特性：許多植物性食物含有抗氧化劑，能減少炎症，這是胰島素抗性的關鍵因素。
  4. 支持體重管理：植物性飲食有助於維持健康體重，降低糖尿病風險。

植物性食物的例子

  • 綠葉蔬菜（例如羽衣甘藍、菠菜）
  • 全穀類（例如藜麥、糙米）
  • 豆類（例如紅腰豆、鷹嘴豆）
  • 果仁和種子（例如杏仁、葵花籽）

 

肌肉質量的重要性

除了飲食改變，維持肌肉質量對增強胰島素敏感性和有效管理血糖水平至關重要。肌肉組織在葡萄糖代謝中扮演重要角色，較高的肌肉質量可以改善身體使用胰島素的能力。

肌肉質量如何影響胰島素敏感性

  1. 葡萄糖利用：肌肉細胞是葡萄糖攝取的主要部位，增加肌肉量有助於提高葡萄糖儲存和利用的能力，從而更有效地調節血糖。
  2. 提高代謝率：肌肉組織的代謝活躍，意味著即使在靜息狀態下也會燃燒卡路里，這有助於體重管理，進一步支持胰島素敏感性。
  3. 激素平衡：更多的肌肉質量對參與葡萄糖調節的激素有正面影響，包括胰島素，使身體對其作用的反應更好。

維持肌肉質量的策略

隨著年齡增長，人們自然會經歷肌肉質量下降，這種情況稱為肌肉減少症，會對胰島素敏感性產生負面影響。以下是維持健康肌肉質量和防止流失的策略：

  1. 進行力量訓練：定期參加抗阻訓練運動，如舉重或自重訓練，有助於建立和維持肌肉。
  2. 確保足夠的蛋白質攝取：充分的蛋白質對肌肉維持至關重要。老年人應增加蛋白質攝入，以抵消肌肉流失，來源包括瘦肉、魚、乳製品、豆類和植物性蛋白。
  3. 保持活躍：將身體活動融入日常生活中，如步行或園藝，有助於肌肉健康，超越正式運動的範疇。

 

結論

在我們紀念世界糖尿病日之際，認識到營養在預防和管理第二型糖尿病中的重要角色至關重要。採用低升糖指數飲食和植物性飲食可以有效改善胰島素敏感性和血糖控制。此外，維持肌肉質量對增強代謝健康至關重要。通過做出明智的飲食選擇和參加定期的身體活動，每個人都可以採取積極主動的措施來降低糖尿病的風險並有效管理自己的病情。

 

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Pink October: How Healthy Eating Can Help Prevent Breast Cancer

(Photo by Meiying Ng on Unsplash)

 

October is painted in pink to symbolise the fight against breast cancer. Known as Pink October, this campaign raises awareness about breast cancer, encouraging women to take charge of their health through early detection and lifestyle changes. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally, and understanding its nuances empowers us to take proactive steps in prevention.

 

Prevalence of Breast Cancer

In Hong Kong, breast cancer has become a major health concern, accounting for about 30% of all cancer cases among women. According to the Hong Kong Cancer Registry, the likelihood of a woman being diagnosed with breast cancer during her lifetime (before age 75) is one in 14. Globally, the statistics are even more alarming, with 2.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer and 670 000 deaths in 2022. This underscores the need for increased awareness and preventive measures, particularly during Pink October.

 

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Several factors can heighten the risk of developing breast cancer:

  1. Genetic Factors: A family history of breast cancer, particularly involving BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, can significantly increase risk.
  2. Age: The risk of breast cancer increases as women age, particularly after the age of 50.
  3. Lifestyle Choices: Obesity, sedentary behaviour, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption have all been linked to a higher risk of breast cancer.
  4. Hormonal Factors: Early onset of menstruation, late menopause, and hormone replacement therapy can influence risk levels.

 

How to Prevent Breast Cancer: Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Tips

According to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), maintaining a healthy weight is a key factor in reducing the risk of breast cancer. Here are some practical tips for a healthier lifestyle:

  1. Balanced Diet: Focus on a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Aim to fill your plate with a variety of colours to ensure a wide range of nutrients.
  2. Healthy Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for reducing breast cancer risk. For Asians, a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) ranges from 18.5 to 22.9, while for Caucasians, it is 18.5 to 24.9. Waist circumference is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer when it exceeds 80cm for women and 90cm for men in Asians, and over 80cm for women and 94cm for men in Caucasians.
  3. Physical Activity: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week. This can include activities like brisk walking, dancing, yoga, hiking, cycling, or swimming.
  4. Limit Alcohol: If you choose to drink, try to limit alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day, as higher consumption is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
  5. Regular Screenings: Schedule regular mammograms and clinical breast exams. Early detection is crucial in successfully treating breast cancer.

 

Recipe: Pink Power Salad

Servings: 4

In celebration of Pink October, here’s a vibrant and nutritious salad that incorporates pink ingredients to nourish your body while being mindful of calories.

Ingredients

  • 2 cups mixed salad greens (e.g. spinach, arugula, romaine)
  • 1 cup pink grapefruit, segmented
  • 1/2 cup cooked beets, diced
  • 1/2 cup radishes, thinly sliced
  • 1/2 cup pomegranate seeds
  • 1/4 cup feta cheese, crumbled
  • 1/4 cup walnuts, chopped
  • Dressing: 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, 1 tablespoon balsamic vinegar, salt, and pepper to taste

 

Instructions

  1. In a large bowl, combine salad greens, grapefruit, beets, radishes, and pomegranate.
  2. Sprinkle feta cheese and walnuts on top.
  3. In a small bowl, whisk together olive oil, balsamic vinegar, salt, and pepper.
  4. Drizzle the dressing over the salad and toss gently to combine. Ready to serve.

 

Conclusion

As we embrace Pink October, let’s commit to making informed choices that can help reduce the risk of breast cancer. By understanding the factors involved and adopting a healthier lifestyle, we can empower ourselves and support one another in this crucial fight against breast cancer. Remember, knowledge is power, and every small change counts!

 

 

粉紅十月：健康飲食如何幫助預防乳癌

 

十月被塗成粉紅色，象徵與乳癌的鬥爭。這項活動被稱為「粉紅十月」，旨在提高人們對乳癌的認識，鼓勵女性透過早期發現和改變生活方式來掌控自己的健康。乳癌是全球女性中最常見的癌症，了解其細微差別使我們能夠採取積極的預防措施。

 

乳腺癌的流行程度

在香港，乳癌已成為主要的健康問題，約占女性癌症病例的30%。根據香港癌症登記處的數據，每14名婦女中有1人有機會在一生中（75歲前）患上乳癌。全球的數據更令人擔憂，2022年有230萬名女性被診斷為乳癌，並有67萬人因此去世。這凸顯了在粉紅十月期間提高認識和預防措施的必要性。

 

乳癌的風險因素

多種因素可能會提高乳癌的風險：

  1. 遺傳因素：家族中有乳癌病例，特別是涉及BRCA1和BRCA2基因突變，會顯著增加風險。
  2. 年齡：隨著女性年齡的增長，特別是50歲以後，乳癌的風險會增加。
  3. 生活方式選擇：肥胖、缺乏運動、吸煙和過量飲酒均與乳癌風險增加有關。
  4. 荷爾蒙因素：月經早來、遲停經和荷爾蒙替代療法可以影響風險水平。

 

如何預防乳癌：健康飲食與生活方式的建議

根據世界癌症研究基金的建議，維持健康體重是降低乳癌風險的關鍵因素。以下是一些實用的健康生活建議：

  1. 均衡飲食：專注於富含水果、蔬菜、全穀類和瘦蛋白質的飲食。確保餐盤色彩繽紛，以確保攝取多樣的營養素。
  2. 健康體重管理：保持健康的體重對於降低乳癌風險至關重要。亞洲人的正常體重指標（Body Mass Index，BMI）範圍為 18.5 至 22.9，而白種人的正常體重指數為 18.5 至 24.9。在亞洲人中，女性腰圍超過 80 厘米，男性腰圍超過 90 厘米，而白人女性腰圍超過 80 厘米，男性超過 94 厘米，則與乳腺癌風險增加有關。
  3. 身體活動：每週至少進行150分鐘的中等強度運動。這可以包括快走、舞蹈、瑜伽、遠足、騎自行車或游泳等活動。
  4. 限制酒精：如果你選擇喝酒，儘量將酒精攝入限制在每天不超過一杯，因為較高的攝入量與乳癌風險增加有關。
  5. 定期檢查：安排定期乳房X光造影檢查和臨床乳房檢查，早期發現對成功治療乳癌至關重要。

 

食譜：粉紅能量沙律

份量：4

在慶祝粉紅十月之際，這裡有一個充滿活力且營養豐富的沙律，包含粉紅色的食材，讓您在注意卡路里的同時滋養身體。

 

材料

  • 2杯混合沙律菜（如菠菜、芝麻菜、生菜）
  • 1杯西柚，分段
  • 1/2杯熟紅菜頭，切粒
  • 1/2杯蘿蔔，切薄片
  • 1/2杯紅石榴籽
  • 1/4杯菲達芝士，碎
  • 1/4杯核桃，切碎
  • 醬汁：3湯匙特級初榨橄欖油，1湯匙意大利香醋，適量鹽和胡椒粉

 

做法

  1. 在一個大碗中，將沙律菜、西柚、紅菜頭、蘿蔔和紅石榴混合。
  2. 在沙律上撒上芝士和核桃。
  3. 在小碗中，將橄欖油、意大利香醋、鹽和胡椒粉攪拌均勻。
  4. 將醬汁淋在沙律上，輕輕拌勻，即成。

 

結論

在我們迎接「粉紅十月」之際，讓我們致力於做出明智的選擇，以幫助降低乳癌的風險。透過了解相關因素並採取更健康的生活方式，我們可以在這場與乳癌的關鍵鬥爭中增強自己的力量並相互支持。請記住，知識就是力量，每一個微小的改變都很重要！

 

 

 

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Nourishing the Mind: The Connection Between Nutrition and Mental Health

As we observe World Mental Health Day, it’s essential to recognise how our diet influences our mental well-being. Research consistently shows that what we eat can significantly affect our mood, cognitive function, and overall mental health. This article will delve into the science behind nutrition and mental health, explore specific foods that can enhance our well-being, and provide an easy breakfast recipe to kick-start your day positively.

 

The Science Behind Nutrition and Mood

The brain requires various nutrients to function optimally. Nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins B6, B12, D, and minerals like magnesium and zinc play crucial roles in brain health. For instance, omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and flaxseeds, are linked to reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. They support the structure of brain cells and promote communication between neurons.

Similarly, B vitamins are crucial for energy production and the synthesis of neurotransmitters, which regulate mood. A deficiency in these vitamins can lead to symptoms of depression and fatigue. Vitamin D, often referred to as the “sunshine vitamin,” is essential for mood regulation as it influences serotonin levels in the brain.

 

Foods That Boost Mental Health

  1. Fatty Fish: Rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fish like salmon, tuna, sardine and mackerel can improve mood and cognitive function.
  2. Leafy Greens: Spinach and kale are high in folate, which is linked to lower rates of depression.
  3. Nuts and Seeds: These foods are good sources of magnesium, a mineral that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, which helps regulate mood and anxiety.
  4. Berries: Blueberries, strawberries, blackberries, and raspberries are rich in antioxidants, particularly flavonoids, which have been linked to reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety.
  5. Whole Grains: Foods like oats and brown rice provide complex carbohydrates that help maintain stable blood sugar levels, contributing to a balanced mood.
  6. Banana: Rich in tryptophan, which acts as a precursor to serotonin, known as the “feel-good” neurotransmitter due to its role in promoting well-being and happiness. Additionally, serotonin helps regulate sleep patterns by influencing the sleep-wake cycle and is a precursor to melatonin, the hormone responsible for controlling sleep.

 

The Role of Gut Health

Recent studies have shown a strong connection between gut health and mental health, often referred to as the gut-brain axis. A healthy gut microbiome can influence mood and cognitive function. Probiotic-rich foods such as yogurt, kefir, natto, kimchi, and sauerkraut can promote a healthy gut environment, potentially reducing anxiety and depression.

 

Mindful Eating Practices

Mindful eating is about being present during meals, focusing on the food, and recognising hunger and satiety cues. This practice can lead to healthier food choices and a more positive relationship with food. Here are some tips for incorporating mindful eating into your daily routine:

  • Eat Without Distractions: Turn off your phone and television during meals.
  • Savour Each Bite: Take time to appreciate the flavours and textures of your food.
  • Listen to Your Body: Pay attention to your hunger signals and eat until you’re satisfied, not stuffed.

 

 

Easy Breakfast Recipe: Happy Smoothie Bowl

This simple and nutritious breakfast is packed with omega-3s, vitamins, and antioxidants to boost your mood and energy levels.

Ingredients:

  • 1 ripe banana
  • 1 cup spinach
  • 1 tablespoon ground flaxseed
  • 1 cup unsweetened plant-based milk (e.g. almond milk, soymilk, oat milk, or rice milk)
  • 1/2 cup mixed berries (e.g. blueberries, strawberries, blackberries, or raspberries)
  • 2 tablespoons nuts (e.g. walnuts or almonds)

 

Instructions:

  1. In a blender, combine the banana, spinach, flaxseeds, and plant-based milk. Blend until smooth.
  2. Pour the mixture into a bowl and top with mixed berries and nuts. Ready to serve.

 

Conclusion

As we celebrate World Mental Health Day, let’s remember the powerful impact of nutrition on our mental health. By incorporating nutrient-rich foods into our diets and practising mindful eating, we can nourish not only our bodies but also our minds. Start your day with a healthy breakfast and take a step towards better mental well-being.

 

 

餵養心靈：營養與心理健康的聯繫

 

在世界心理健康日之際，認識我們的飲食如何影響心理健康至關重要。研究不斷顯示，我們吃的東西會顯著影響我們的情緒、認知功能和整體心理健康。本文將探討營養與心理健康之間的科學聯繫，探索可以增強我們福祉的特定食物，並提供一個簡單的早餐食譜，讓你以積極的方式開始新的一天。

 

營養與情緒背後的科學

大腦需要各種營養素才能最佳運作，奧米加三脂肪酸、維他命B6、B12、D，以及如鎂和鋅等礦物質在大腦健康中扮演著重要角色。例如，魚類和亞麻籽中的奧米加三脂肪酸與減少抑鬱和焦慮的症狀有關。它們支持腦細胞的結構並促進神經元之間的溝通。

同樣，B族維他命對能量產生和神經傳導物質的合成至關重要，這些神經傳導物質調節情緒。這些維他命的缺乏可能導致抑鬱和疲勞的症狀。維他命D，通常被稱為「陽光維他命」，對情緒調節至關重要，因為它影響大腦中的血清素水平。

 

促進心理健康的食物

  1. 油性魚類：如三文魚、吞拿魚、沙甸魚和鯖魚，富含奧米加三脂肪酸，有助改善情緒和認知功能。
  2. 綠葉蔬菜：菠菜和羽衣甘藍富含葉酸，與較低的抑鬱率有關。
  3. 堅果和種子：這些食物是鎂的良好來源，鎂在血清素等神經傳導物質的合成中扮演重要角色，有助調節情緒和焦慮。
  4. 莓果：藍莓、草莓、黑莓和覆盆子富含抗氧化劑，特別是類黃酮，與較少抑鬱和焦慮的症狀有關。
  5. 全穀類：如燕麥和糙米提供複合碳水化合物，有助維持穩定的血糖水平，從而促進情緒平衡。
  6. 香蕉：富含色氨酸，作為血清素的前體，因其促進幸福感和快樂感而被稱為「快樂」神經傳導物質。此外，血清素還幫助調節睡眠模式，通過影響睡眠覺醒週期，並且是調控睡眠的荷爾蒙褪黑素的前體。

 

腸道健康的角色

最近的研究顯示腸道健康與心理健康之間存在著密切的聯繫，這種聯繫被稱為腸腦軸。健康的腸道微生物群可以影響情緒和認知功能。富含益生菌的食物，如乳酪、克菲爾、納豆、泡菜和酸菜，可以促進健康的腸道環境，可能減少焦慮和抑鬱。

 

正念飲食的實踐

正念飲食是指在用餐時保持當下，專注於食物，並認識到飢餓和飽足的信號。這種做法可以導致更健康的食物選擇和更正面的飲食關係。以下是將正念飲食融入日常生活的一些提示：

  • 專心地用餐：在用餐時關掉手機和電視。
  • 細嚐每一口：花時間欣賞食物的味道和質感。
  • 聆聽自己的身體：注意自己的飢餓信號，直到滿足為止，而不是吃得過飽。

 

簡單早餐食譜：快樂燕麥碗

這款簡單而營養的早餐富含奧米加三、維他命和抗氧化劑，有助於提升情緒和能量水平。

材料：

  • 1 隻熟香蕉
  • 1 杯菠菜
  • 1 湯匙亞麻籽粉
  • 1 杯無糖植物奶（如杏仁奶、豆奶、燕麥奶或米奶）
  • 1/2 杯混合莓果（如藍莓、草莓、黑莓或覆盆子）
  • 2湯匙堅果（如合桃或杏仁）

 

做法：

  1. 在攪拌機中，將香蕉、菠菜、亞麻籽和植物奶混合，攪拌至光滑。
  2. 將混合物倒入碗中，並用混合莓果和堅果裝飾，即成。

 

結論

在慶祝世界心理健康日之際，讓我們記住營養對心理健康的重大影響。通過將營養豐富的食物納入我們的飲食中，並實踐正念飲食，我們可以滋養自己的身體，同時也滋養心靈。以健康的早餐開始你的一天，向更好的心理健康邁出一步。

 

 

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Enjoying Mooncakes in a Healthy Way During Mid-Autumn Festival

Photo by Alexa Soh on Unsplash

 

As the Mid-Autumn Festival approaches, the air is filled with the aroma of freshly baked mooncakes, a beloved tradition that brings families and friends together. However, the high sugar, fat, and calorie content of these delectable treats can pose a challenge for those seeking to maintain a healthy lifestyle. In this article, we will explore the nutritional values of different types of mooncakes and provide practical tips to help you enjoy this festive delicacy in a more balanced and mindful way.

 

Mooncake Varieties and Their Nutritional Values

The traditional double-egg-yolk-lotus-seed-paste mooncake is a staple during the Mid-Autumn Festival. A single piece of this type of mooncake (about 190 grams) can contain up to 890 calories, 55 grams of fat, and 55 grams of sugar (equivalent to 11 teaspoons).

In contrast, snowy mooncakes, which have a lighter and fluffier texture, typically contain fewer calories and less fat. A piece of snowy mooncake (about 190 grams) has around 667 calories, 35 grams of fat, and 27 grams of sugar per piece. While still quite rich, these mooncakes can be a more moderate option.

Many mooncake brands now offer reduced-sugar versions of their products. These can be a better choice for individuals who need to monitor their sugar intake, such as those with diabetes. While reduced-sugar mooncakes contain less sugar than the original versions, it’s important to note that they may still be relatively high in sugar content. As such, they should not be consumed in excess, even if they are a lower-sugar alternative to traditional mooncakes.

 

Eating in Moderation

Given the high sugar and fat content of traditional mooncakes, it is crucial to practice portion control. The Department of Health recommends that a healthy serving size for a double-egg-yolk-lotus-seed-paste mooncake is no more than one-eighth of the whole piece. This small portion can help you enjoy the flavour without overindulging.

Beyond mooncakes, the Mid-Autumn Festival also offers a bounty of other traditional foods, such as star fruit, pomelo, and glutinous rice balls (tong yuen). While these items can be delightful, it’s important to be mindful of their nutritional profile, especially for those with specific dietary needs.

Pomelo is a good source of vitamin C and dietary fibre, but its high carbohydrate content means that those with diabetes should consume it in moderation. Individuals with chronic kidney disease should avoid consuming star fruit, as studies have shown that eating star fruit can have a harmful, toxic effect for people with kidney disease.

Glutinous rice balls, a popular dessert during the Mid-Autumn Festival, are also high in carbohydrates and calories, and should be enjoyed with caution by those with diabetes or overweight.

 

Balancing Festive Feasts

Family reunion meals during the Mid-Autumn Festival often feature rich dishes, which can further contribute to excess calorie and fat intake. To maintain a balanced diet, consider the following tips:

  1. Choose lean protein sources, such as steamed fish, abalone, prawns, or skinless chicken.
  2. Limit the consumption of high-fat items like pork belly, pork knuckles, goose feet, deep-fried or braised dishes.
  3. Opt for healthier cooking methods like steaming, boiling, or stir-frying.
  4. Encourage the inclusion of fibre-rich foods, such as vegetables, fruits, brown rice, and red rice, to promote satiety and better digestion.

 

Beverage Choices and the Importance of Hydration

When it comes to beverages, traditional Chinese tea can be an excellent choice during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Tea is rich in antioxidants and has been associated with various health benefits. Drinking tea has been linked to a reduced risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. The antioxidants in tea, including catechins and flavonoids, can help protect your cells from oxidative stress and inflammation, which are contributing factors to these chronic conditions. Additionally, the caffeine in tea can provide a mild stimulant effect, which may boost mental alertness and physical performance.

For those seeking to manage their weight, the hydrating nature of tea can also help you feel fuller, which may curb overeating. To enjoy tea in a healthy way, avoid adding sugar, and consider sipping it hot or iced, depending on your preference.

 

Staying Physically Active

While the Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for indulgence, it’s essential to maintain a physically active lifestyle to help balance the excess calorie intake. Engaging in activities like hiking or brisk walking can be a wonderful way to enjoy the autumn scenery with family and friends, while also promoting better cardiovascular health and weight management.

 

In conclusion, enjoying the variety of mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival requires a careful approach. By understanding the nutritional profiles of different mooncake varieties, practicing portion control, and incorporating healthier lifestyle choices, you can fully embrace the festive spirit while prioritising your well-being. Remember, the true essence of this celebration lies in the joyful gathering of loved ones, and with a little mindfulness, you can savour the flavours of the season without compromising your health.

 

Photo by Alexa Soh on Unsplash

健康享用月餅 歡慶中秋佳節

隨著中秋節的到來，空氣中充滿了剛烤好的月餅香味，這是一個家人和朋友聚會的深受喜愛的傳統。然而，這些美味佳餚的高糖、高脂肪和高熱量含量，卻可能讓追求健康生活方式的人感到挑戰。在本文中，我們將探討不同類型月餅的營養價值，並提供實用的建議，幫助您以更均衡的方式享受這個節日的美食。

 

月餅種類及其營養價值
傳統的雙黃蓮蓉月餅是中秋節的標準款式，一件（約190克）含有高達890卡路里、55克脂肪和55克糖（相當於11茶匙）。

相比之下，冰皮月餅質地較輕盈，通常熱量和脂肪含量較少。一件冰皮月餅（約190克）含約667卡路里、35克脂肪和27克糖。雖然熱量和脂肪仍相當豐富，但這類月餅可能是一種更適中的選擇。

許多月餅品牌現在提供低糖版本，這些可能是需要監控糖攝入量的人（如糖尿病患者）的更好選擇。雖然低糖月餅的糖含量低於傳統版，但仍然相對較高，因此即使是較低糖的替代品，也不應過量食用。

 

適量享用
鑒於傳統月餅的高糖和高脂肪含量，實行份量控制非常重要。衛生署建議，食用雙黃蓮蓉月餅份量不應超過整個月餅的八分之一。這小小的份量可以讓您品嚐到美味，而不會過量食用。

除了月餅，中秋節還提供了其他傳統美食，如楊桃、柚子和湯圓。雖然這些食品都很美味，但也需要注意其營養成分，特別是對於有特殊飲食需求的人。

柚子是維生素C和膳食纖維的良好來源，但碳水化合物含量高，糖尿病患者應適度食用。患有慢性腎臟病的人應避免食用楊桃，因為研究顯示，食用楊桃可能會對患有腎病的人產生有害、毒性的影響。

湯圓是中秋節的受歡迎甜點，但同樣高碳水化合物和熱量，糖尿病或超重人士應謹慎食用。

 

節慶時也要保持均衡飲食
中秋節期間的家庭團聚餐通常以豐富菜餚為特色，這可能進一步導致熱量和脂肪過剩。為維持均衡飲食，請考慮以下建議:

  1. 選擇低脂蛋白質來源，如蒸魚、鮑魚、蝦或去皮雞肉。
  2. 限制進食高脂肪食品，如五花腩、豬手、鵝掌、油炸或紅燒的菜餚。
  3. 選擇蒸、烚或少油炒等較健康的烹飪方法。
  4. 鼓勵攝取富含纖維的食物，如蔬菜、水果、糙米和紅米，以促進飽腹感和消化。

飲品選擇

在中秋節期間，傳統的中國茶可能是一個卓越的選擇。茶富含抗氧化劑，可有助降低心臟病、中風和二型糖尿病等風險。茶中的抗氧化劑，包括兒茶素和黃酮類，可以幫助保護細胞免受氧化壓力和炎症的傷害，這些都是慢性疾病的促發因素。此外，茶中的咖啡因還可以提供輕度的興奮效果，可能提神和運動表現。

對於想要控制體重的人來說，茶可以補充水分，幫助您感到更飽足，從而抑制過度進食。要以健康的方式享用茶，請避免添加糖，並根據個人喜好選擇熱茶或冰茶。

保持身體活躍
雖然中秋節是放縱的時候，但保持身體活躍的生活方式仍至關重要，以幫助平衡過量攝取的熱量。與家人和朋友一起進行登山或快走等活動，不僅可欣賞秋季景致，還能促進心血管健康和體重管理。

總之，中秋節月餅種類繁多，需要小心享用。通過了解不同月餅種類的營養成分、實行份量控制，並採取更健康的生活方式，您可以充分擁抱節日氣氛，同時也關顧自己的健康。請記住，這個節日的重點在於親人的歡聚，只要稍加小心，您就可以在不損害健康的情況下盡情品嚐這個季節的美味。

 

References:

Consumer Council has compared 5 different categories of mooncakes for their contents of fat, calories and sucrose. | Consumer Council

Centre for Health Protection – Mooncake Equations (chp.gov.hk)

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Sports Nutrition: Fuelling Hong Kong’s Olympians to Success

Hong Kong’s resounding success at the 2024 Paris Olympics has highlighted the crucial role of sports nutrition in elite athletic performance. Hong Kong’s impressive medal haul not only showcased the grit and determination of its athletes, but also underscored the importance of proper nutritional support in helping them reach the pinnacle of their competitive abilities.

 

Nutrition is the foundation of athletic training and competition. The foods and fluids that athletes consume before, during, and after exercise have a profound impact on their energy levels, muscle recovery, and overall physical and mental well-being.

 

Carbohydrates are the primary fuel source for the body during high-intensity and prolonged physical activity. A diet rich in complex carbohydrates, such as grains, noodles, pasta, bread, root vegetables, and fruits, provides a steady supply of glucose to the muscles, enabling athletes to sustain their energy levels throughout training and competition. Equally important is the timing of carbohydrate intake, with recommendations calling for pre-event carbohydrate-rich meals and snacks to maximise glycogen stores, and post-exercise carbohydrate consumption to replenish depleted energy reserves.

 

Protein plays a crucial role in the repair and recovery of muscle tissue, which is essential for athletes to withstand the rigors of intense training and competition. The recommended protein intake for athletes can vary depending on the sport and training load, but a general guideline suggests a range of 1.2 to 2.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. Incorporating a variety of high-quality protein sources, such as lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, lentils, tofu, nuts, seeds, and dairy products, can help athletes meet their protein needs.

 

Proper hydration is also a vital component of sports nutrition. Adequate fluid intake before, during, and after physical activity helps maintain optimal body temperature, supports cardiovascular function, and prevents dehydration, which can impair athletic performance. Guidelines recommend that athletes consume fluids regularly throughout training and competition, with specific recommendations based on factors such as exercise intensity, duration, and environmental conditions.

 

The nutritional needs of athletes are complex and highly individualised. Sports dietitians work closely with athletes to develop customised meal plans that optimise performance based on the athlete’s sport, training schedule, body composition goals, and any unique dietary requirements or preferences. By fuelling their bodies properly, Hong Kong’s elite athletes have positioned themselves for continued success on the world stage.

 

 

運動營養：協助香港奧運選手成功

香港運動員在2024年巴黎奧運會取得的成功，突出了體育營養在精英運動表現中的關鍵作用。香港的獎牌收穫不僅展現了運動員的奮鬥精神和努力，也突出了適當營養支持在幫助他們達到最高競技水平中的重要性。

 

營養是運動訓練和比賽的基石。運動員在運動前、期間和後攝取的食物和水份，對他們的能量水平、肌肉恢復以及整體身心狀態都有深遠影響。

 

碳水化合物是在高強度和持續體力活動中身體的主要燃料來源。富含複雜碳水化合物的飲食，例如穀物、粉麵、意粉、麵包、根莖類蔬菜和水果，可為肌肉提供穩定的葡萄糖供應，使運動員在訓練和比賽期間保持能量水平。同樣重要的是碳水化合物攝取的時間安排，建議在比賽前進食富碳水化合物的正餐和小食以提升糖原儲備，並在鍛煉後攝取碳水化合物以補充耗盡的能量儲備。

 

蛋白質在修復和恢復肌肉組織中扮演關鍵角色，這對於承受激烈訓練和比賽的運動員至關重要。運動員的建議蛋白質攝取量會因運動項目和訓練負荷而有所不同，但一般指導是每公斤體重每天攝取1.2至2克蛋白質。攝取各種優質蛋白質來源，例如肉類、家禽、魚類、海鮮、蛋、豆類、扁豆、豆腐、果仁、種子和乳製品，可以助運動員滿足蛋白質需求。

 

適當的補水也是體育營養的重要組成部分。在體力活動前、中、後適量飲水有助於維持最佳體溫、支持心血管功能，並預防會影響運動表現的脫水。建議運動員在訓練和比賽期間定期飲水，具體建議因運動強度、持續時間和環境條件而有所不同。

 

運動員的營養需求是複雜且高度個人化的。運動營養師與運動員緊密合作，根據運動員的運動項目、訓練計劃、 身體組成目標以及任何特殊的飲食要求或偏好，制定個人化的餐單，以優化運動表現。透過適當地補充身體能量，香港的精英運動員為自己在世界舞台上不斷取得成功做好了準備。

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Nourishing the Gut for a Healthy Mind: Celebrating World Health Day 2024

On World Health Day 2024, let’s delve into the fascinating world of our gut microbiome and its profound impact on our overall well-being. The gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in our digestive tract, is an integral part of our health that influences everything from our metabolism to our mood. Understanding the gut-brain axis and nurturing our gut health through nutrition can lead to a happier, healthier life.

 

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network that links the enteric nervous system of the gut with the central nervous system of the brain. This intricate relationship means that our gut health can influence our mental state, earning the gut the nickname “the second brain.” The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in this axis, producing various neurotransmitters and signalling molecules that can affect brain function and mood.

 

So, how can we support this crucial aspect of our health through diet? Here are some practical tips for fostering a healthy gut microbiome:

  1. Boost Fibre Intake: Incorporate a variety of high-fibre foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and seeds. These act as prebiotics, feeding the good bacteria in your gut.
  2. Embrace Dietary Diversity: Aim for at least 30 different plant-based foods each week to encourage microbial diversity.
  3. Enjoy Fermented Foods: Include fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, natto, miso, tempeh, sauerkraut, kimchi, and kombucha, which contain probiotics that can help balance your gut flora.
  4. Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water aids digestion and helps maintain the mucosal lining of the intestines.
  5. Limit Processed Foods: Ultra-processed foods that are high in sugar, saturated fat, salt and preservatives can disrupt your gut microbiome. Examples include sausage, frozen ready meals, sugary sodas, instant noodles and candies. Opt for whole, unprocessed ingredients whenever possible.
  6. Practice Mindful Eating: Take the time to chew your food thoroughly, which can aid digestion and absorption of nutrients, benefiting your gut microbiota.

The link between gut health and mental health is supported by numerous studies. For instance, an imbalance in the gut microbiota has been associated with various mental health issues, including anxiety and depression. By nurturing our gut microbiota through diet, we can potentially improve our mental health and resilience to stress.

Now, let’s put these tips into practice with a delicious and nutritious vegan recipe that’s sure to delight your taste buds and your gut bacteria.

Vegan Tofu Stir-Fry

Serves 2

Ingredients:

400g extra firm tofu, diced

2 cloves garlic, minced

1 slice ginger, grated

1 medium carrot, shredded

1 cup snap peas

1 red bell pepper, sliced

1 yellow bell pepper, sliced

1 tablespoon sesame oil

1 tablespoon soy sauce

Salt and pepper to taste

 

Instructions:

  1. Heat oil in a large non-stick pan over medium heat. Add tofu and cook until golden brown. Remove from the pan and set aside.
  2. In the same pan, sauté garlic and ginger until slightly softened. Add carrot and stir-fry for about 3 minutes until slightly softened.
  3. Add snap peas and bell peppers. Stir-fry for about 2 minutes.
  4. Return tofu to the pan, toss everything together with soy sauce and heat through.
  5. Season with salt and pepper to your liking. Ready to serve.

*This dish can be served with cooked brown rice or soba noodles*

 

Nutritional Analysis (per serving):

Calories: 251 kcal

Protein: 19g

Total fat: 11g

Total Carbohydrates: 22g

Fibre: 5g

 

This recipe is not only a feast for the eyes with its vibrant colours but also a treat for your gut microbiota, providing a rich source of plant-based proteins and dietary fibre. By incorporating such gut-friendly meals into your diet, you can take a proactive step towards enhancing your gut-brain axis and, consequently, your mental and physical health.

 

滋養腸道，保持健康心態：慶祝 2024 年世界衛生日

在 2024 年世界衛生日，讓我們深入了解腸道微生物組的世界及其對我們整體健康的深遠影響。 腸道微生物組是存在於我們消化道中的複雜微生物生態系統，是我們健康不可或缺的一部分，影響著從新陳代謝到情緒的一切。 了解腸腦軸並透過營養培養腸道健康可以帶來更快樂、更健康的生活。

腸腦軸是一個雙向通訊網絡，將腸道的腸神經系統與大腦的中樞神經系統連接起來。 這種錯綜複雜的關係意味著我們的腸道健康可以影響我們的精神狀態，因此腸道被稱為「第二個大腦」。 腸道微生物群在此軸中發揮關鍵作用，產生各種會影響大腦功能和情緒的神經傳導物質和訊號分子。

那麼，我們如何透過飲食來支持我們健康的這一重要面向呢？ 以下是培養健康腸道微生物組的一些實用技巧：

  1. 增加纖維：加入各種高纖維食物，如水果、蔬菜、全穀類、堅果和種子。 它們充當益生元，為腸道中的有益細菌提供營養。
  2. 膳食多樣化：每週至少吃 30 種不同的植物性食物，以促進微生物多樣性。
  3. 發酵食品：包括乳酪、克菲爾、納豆、味噌、天貝（印尼發酵黃豆餅）、德式酸菜、泡菜和康普茶等發酵食品，它們含有益生菌，有助於平衡腸道菌叢。
  4. 補充水分：喝足夠的水有助於消化並有助於維持腸道黏膜內壁。
  5. 限制加工食品：富含糖、飽和脂肪、鹽和防腐劑的超加工食品會破壞腸道微生物組， 例如香腸、冷凍即食食品、汽水、即食麵和糖果。 盡可能選擇完整的、未加工的食材。
  6. 正念飲食：花時間徹底咀嚼食物，可以幫助消化和吸收營養，有益於腸道微生物群。

 

腸道健康與心理健康之間的關聯得到了許多研究的支持。 例如，腸道微生物群的不平衡與各種心理健康問題有關，包括焦慮和憂鬱。 透過飲食培育腸道微生物群，我們可以改善我們的心理健康和抗壓性。

現在，讓我們將這些技巧付諸實踐，製作美味又營養的純素食譜，以滿足您的味蕾和腸道細菌的需求。

 

純素豆腐炒雜菜

2人份

食材：

400克硬豆腐，切塊

2 瓣大蒜，切碎

1 片生薑，切碎

1 條甘筍，切絲

1 杯豌豆

1 個紅甜椒，切片

1 個黃甜椒，切片

1湯匙芝麻油

1湯匙豉油

鹽和胡椒調味

 

做法：

  1. 易潔鑊用中火加熱油， 加入豆腐塊，煮至金黃色。 從鑊中取出並放在一邊。
  2. 在同一個鑊中，爆香大蒜和薑。加入紅蘿蔔，炒約​​3分鐘至稍微變軟。
  3. 加入豌豆和彩椒，炒約2分鐘。
  4. 將豆腐放回鑊中，加入豉油攪拌，將所有食材炒至熟透。
  5. 依照自己的喜好加鹽和胡椒調味，即成。

*這道菜可配搭糙米或蕎麥麵一併進食*

 

營養分析（每份）：

卡路里：251大卡

蛋白質：19克

總脂肪：11克

總碳水化合物：22克

纖維：5克

 

此食譜不僅顏色鮮豔吸引，還為您的腸道微生物群提供豐富的植物性蛋白質和膳食纖維來源。 透過將此類有益於腸道的飲食納入您的飲食中，以增強您的腸腦軸，從而促進您的身心健康。

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World Cancer Day: Eating And Lifestyle Tips For Cancer Prevention

World Cancer Day, observed every year on February 4th, is a global initiative led by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) to raise awareness about cancer and to encourage its prevention, detection, and treatment. This day unites people around the world in the fight against the cancer epidemic, emphasising the importance of early detection, education, and lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of cancer.

Cancer prevention is a critical aspect of reducing the global impact of the disease. While not all cancers are preventable, several lifestyle and dietary measures can significantly lower the risk of developing many types of cancer. Here are 10 tips for healthy eating and lifestyle choices that may help prevent cancer:

 

Photo by Ello on Unsplash

Healthy Eating for Cancer Prevention

 

1. Consume Plenty of Fruits and Vegetables

A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can lower the risk of certain types of cancer. These foods contain essential nutrients and antioxidants, such as vitamins, minerals, and fibre, which can protect cells from damage. The World Cancer Research Fund recommends aiming for at least five servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables each day to gain the maximum health benefits, including cancer prevention. One serving of fruits or vegetables is typically considered to be 80 grams. This is roughly equivalent to a medium piece of fruit (like an apple or orange), 1 small bowl of salad leaves, or 3-4 heaped tablespoons of cooked vegetables (like peas, sweetcorn, sliced cabbage, mushrooms, or runner beans).

2. Choose Whole Grains

Whole grains are packed with fibre, which not only aids digestion but also may help prevent colorectal cancer. Replace refined grains with whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, oats, and whole wheat. Dietary guidelines often suggest aiming for at least half of all grains consumed to be whole grains.

3. Limit Red and Processed Meat

Consuming large amounts of red meat and processed meats can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The World Cancer Research Fund recommends that individuals who eat red meat should consume less than 500 grams (cooked weight) per week, including beef, lamb, or pork.  Additionally, they advocate for minimal intake of processed meats to reduce cancer risk, particularly colorectal cancer. Processed meats are those that have been altered by methods such as salting, curing, fermenting, or smoking to enhance their flavour or extend their shelf life. Examples of processed meats include ham, sausages, luncheon meat, hot dogs, bacon, salami, corned beef, and beef jerky. These products often contain high levels of sodium and preservatives, including nitrates or nitrites, which have been linked to an increased risk of cancers, particularly colorectal cancer.

It is advisable to consider leaner protein sources such as skinless poultry, fish and seafoods, or plant-based proteins including tofu, legumes and lentils.

4. Reduce Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of several cancers, including breast, liver, and colorectal cancer. Limiting alcohol or avoiding it altogether can reduce these risks. Here are some tips for reducing alcohol intake:

  • Set Limits: Decide on a fixed number of drinks per week and stick to it.
  • Measure Drinks: Use standard measures to avoid overpouring.
  • Alternate Drinks: Swap alcoholic drinks with water or non-alcoholic beverages.
  • Plan Alcohol-Free Days: Choose specific days to abstain from alcohol completely.
  • Slow Pace: Sip slowly and limit yourself to one drink per hour.
  • Avoid Peer Pressure: Learn to say no and stick to your drinking goals.
  • Track Consumption: Keep a diary of your drinking to monitor intake.

5. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Obesity is a known risk factor for various types of cancer. By eating a balanced diet and controlling portion sizes, you can maintain a healthy weight, which is crucial for cancer prevention.

 

Lifestyle Choices for Cancer Prevention

 

1. Stay Physically Active

Regular physical activity can help you maintain a healthy weight, which reduces the risk of cancer. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity each week.

2. Avoid Tobacco

Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of cancer worldwide. Avoiding tobacco, or deciding to quit, is one of the most important health decisions you can make.

3. Protect Yourself from the Sun

Skin cancer is one of the most common kinds of cancer — and one of the most preventable. Use sunscreen, seek shade, and wear protective clothing to reduce your risk.

4. Get Regular Medical Care

Regular screenings can detect cancers of the breast, colon, rectum, cervix, prostate, oral cavity, and skin early. Early detection is key to successful treatment and can significantly increase the chances of survival.

5. Get Vaccinated

Vaccines can protect against certain viral infections that can lead to cancer. For example, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine helps prevent most cervical cancers and several other types of cancer.

 

World Cancer Day serves as a reminder that through healthy eating and lifestyle choices, we can take actionable steps towards cancer prevention. While these tips are not a guarantee against cancer, they can significantly reduce the risk and contribute to overall health and well-being.

Remember, these guidelines are for general information purposes and should not replace the advice of your healthcare provider. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalised recommendations.

 

世界癌症日：飲食與生活方式的癌症預防貼士

每年的2月4日，世界癌症日是由國際癌症控制聯盟（UICC）領導的全球倡議，旨在提高人們對癌症的認識，並鼓勵預防、檢測和治療癌症。這一天團結了全世界的人們共同對抗癌症流行病，強調早期檢測、教育和生活方式的改變對於降低癌症風險的重要性。

癌症預防是減少疾病全球影響的關鍵方面。雖然並非所有癌症都可以預防，但有幾種生活方式和飲食措施可以顯著降低發展許多類型癌症的風險。以下是有助於預防癌症的10個健康飲食和生活方式選擇的貼士：

癌症預防的健康飲食

 

  1. 多吃水果和蔬菜

飲食中多吃水果和蔬菜可以降低某些類型癌症的風險，這些食物含有必需的營養素和抗氧化劑，如維生素、礦物質和纖維，這些成分可以保護細胞免受損害。世界癌症研究基金會建議每天至少攝取五份不同種類的水果和蔬菜，以獲得最大的健康益處，包括預防癌症。一份水果或蔬菜通常被認為是80克，這大約相當於一個中等大小的水果（如蘋果或橙）、一細碗沙津菜、或3至4滿湯匙的熟蔬菜（如豌豆、粟米、切片椰菜、蘑菇或豆角）。

 

  1. 選擇全穀物

全穀物富含纖維，不僅有助於消化，也可能有助於預防結直腸癌。用糙米、藜麥、燕麥和全麥等全穀物取代精製穀物。飲食指南通常建議至少一半的穀物攝取應為全穀物。

 

  1. 限制紅肉和加工肉類的攝取

過量食用紅肉和加工肉類可能會增加患上結直腸癌的風險。世界癌症研究基金會建議，食用紅肉的人士每週應攝取少於500克（熟重）的紅肉，包括牛肉、羊肉或豬肉。此外，他們還建議避免吃加工肉類，以降低癌症風險，特別是結直腸癌。加工肉類是指通過鹽漬、熏制、發酵或煙燻等方法改變的肉類，以增強風味或延長保質期。加工肉類的例子包括火腿、香腸、午餐肉、熱狗、煙肉、辣肉腸、咸牛肉、牛肉乾等。這些產品通常含有高水平的鈉和防腐劑，包括亞硝酸鹽或硝酸鹽，這些都與增加癌症風險有關，特別是結直腸癌。

建議使用較瘦的蛋白質來源，如去皮家禽、魚類和海鮮，或植物性蛋白質，包括豆腐、豆類和扁豆。

 

  1. 減少飲酒

飲酒與多種癌症的風險增加有關，包括乳腺癌、肝癌和結直腸癌。限制酒精攝取或完全避免可以降低這些風險。以下是一些減少飲酒攝入的建議：

  • 設定限制：決定每週固定的飲酒數量並堅持。
  • 量度飲品：使用標準量度以避免過量倒酒。
  • 交替飲用：用水或非酒精飲料替換酒精飲品。
  • 計劃無酒日：選擇特定的日子完全不飲酒。
  • 慢速飲用：慢慢啜飲，並限制每小時一杯飲品。
  • 避免同儕壓力：學會說不，堅持你的飲酒目標。
  • 追踪消費：記錄你的飲酒日誌以監控攝取量。

 

  1. 保持健康體重

肥胖是已知的各種類型癌症的風險因素。通過飲食均衡和控制份量，您可以保持健康的體重，這對癌症預防至關重要。

 

癌症預防的生活方式選擇

 

  1. 保持身體活躍

定期的體育活動可以幫助您保持健康體重，從而降低癌症風險。每週至少進行150分鐘的中等強度有氧運動或75分鐘的劇烈運動。

 

  1. 避免使用煙草

煙草使用是全球癌症最大的可預防原因。避免使用煙草或決定戒煙是您可以做出的最重要的健康決策之一。

 

  1. 保護自己免受陽光傷害

皮膚癌是最常見的癌症類型之一，也是最可預防的。使用防曬霜，尋找陰涼處，穿著防護衣服以降低風險。

 

  1. 定期進行醫療檢查

定期篩查可以早期發現乳腺癌、結腸癌、直腸癌、子宮頸癌、前列腺癌、口腔癌和皮膚癌。早期發現是成功治療的關鍵，可以顯著提高生存機會。

 

  1. 接種疫苗

疫苗可以預防可能導致癌症的某些病毒感染。例如，人類乳頭瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗有助於預防大多數子宮頸癌和其他幾種類型的癌症。

 

世界癌症日提醒我們，通過健康的飲食和生活方式選擇，我們可以採取實際步驟預防癌症。雖然這些貼士並不能保證不患癌症，但它們可以顯著降低風險，並有助於整體健康和福祉。

請記住，這些指南僅供一般資訊之用，不能取代醫護人員的建議，請諮詢專業醫護人員以獲得個性化的建議。

 

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Dietitian Sally’s Top 5 Daily Wellness Routines

In our quest for a healthier and happier life, it is important to prioritise our well-being through simple daily routines. Let’s explore these routines and discover how they can contribute to a healthier you in 2024.

 

1. Eat Regular Meals
Did you know that when and how often you eat can have a big impact on your health? Sticking to a regular meal pattern is super important for your overall well-being. Our bodies have their own internal clocks, kind of like nature’s schedule, and when we mess with that schedule by eating at random times, it can cause problems such as acid reflux, bloating, tiredness, mood swings, and poor sleep. So, if you want to feel your best, listen to your body’s cues, establish a consistent meal schedule, and give it the fuel it needs at the right times.

 

2. Eat More Dietary Fibre
Including plenty wholegrains, fruits and vegetables in your daily diet is essential for maintaining a healthy gut microbiome. These foods are rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals that promote regular bowel movements and support a healthy gut. It is recommended to consume five servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Additionally, staying adequately hydrated by drinking enough water throughout the day further promotes a healthy digestive system and overall well-being.

 

3. Walk 10,000 Steps a Day
Walking 10,000 steps a day can do wonders for your health! The best part is, walking is easy and doesn’t require any fancy equipment or expensive gym memberships. It’s like a secret weapon against heart disease, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and even depression. Even if you can’t commit to the recommended 150 minutes of exercise per week, just adding regular walks to your day can make a huge difference. So lace up those shoes and step into a healthier life!

 

4. Get 7-8 Hours of Sleep
Sufficient sleep is crucial for overall health and well-being. Adults should aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night. Create a relaxing bedtime routine, such as reading a book, stretching your body, or taking a warm bath, to signal your body that it’s time to unwind. Prioritising adequate sleep helps rejuvenate your body, enhances cognitive function, maintains a healthy weight, and supports your overall well-being.

 

5. Practise Deep Breathing
In our fast-paced lives, managing stress is essential for our mental and physical health. Deep breathing exercises are simple yet effective techniques to promote relaxation and reduce stress levels. When you feel stressed, take a moment to focus on your breath. Inhale deeply through your nose, allowing your belly to rise, and exhale slowly through your mouth. This practice activates the body’s relaxation response, lowers blood pressure, and calms the mind. Practicing deep breathing for just a few minutes each day can have a significant impact on your stress management.

 

Photo by Max van den Oetelaar on Unsplash

 

By incorporating these five daily wellness routines into your life, you can pave the way for a healthier and more fulfilling 2024. Remember, small changes can lead to significant improvements, so start implementing these routines today and embrace a healthier lifestyle in the coming year!

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A Wellness Self-care Guide For A Healthier 2024

As we enter the year 2024, prioritising our well-being has become more crucial than ever. Professional recommendations can help embrace a wellness self-care guide. By practising the following five recommendations on a regular basis, we can nurture our physical, mental, and emotional well-being and live a healthier life.

 

  1. Prioritise Physical Health

Taking care of our physical health is fundamental to leading a healthy life. It is recommended to engage in regular exercise for at least 150 minutes per week. You don’t have to do it all at once, it could be 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week. This can include activities such as brisk walking, dancing, cycling, or swimming. Incorporating strength training exercises twice a week is also beneficial for maintaining muscle strength and bone health.

 

  1. Nourish Your Body

Eating a balanced and nutritious diet is essential for overall wellness. Focus on consuming a variety of whole foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Limit processed foods, sugary snacks, and beverages high in added sugars. Stay hydrated by drinking an adequate amount of water throughout the day.

 

  1. Take Care of Your Mental Well-Being

Having good mental health is a state of overall wellbeing.  Practice mindfulness and stress management techniques to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. Engage in activities that bring you joy, such as hobbies, reading, or spending time with loved ones. Prioritise quality sleep by maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a relaxing bedtime routine.

 

  1. Find a Work-Life Balance

In 2024, strive for a healthy work-life balance. Set boundaries between work and personal life, allowing yourself time to relax, unwind, and engage in activities that bring you happiness. Prioritise self-care activities, such as meditation, yoga, or taking breaks during the workday to recharge.

 

  1. Practise Preventive Care

Regular health check-ups and preventive care are essential for maintaining good health. Schedule routine visits with your healthcare provider, including vaccinations, screenings, and health assessments. Stay updated on latest local medical guidelines and recommendations to ensure you are taking necessary steps to prevent illness and maintain optimal health.

 

As we embark on the year 2024, embracing a wellness self-care guide is essential for living a healthier life. By prioritising physical health, nourishing our bodies, taking care of our mental well-being, finding a work-life balance, and practising preventive care, we can create a foundation for a happier and healthier future. Remember, small changes can make a significant difference in our overall well-being. Here’s to a year filled with wellness and vitality!

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Healthy And Happy Holidays: Tips For Eating Right And Staying Fit During Christmas

The holiday season is a time for celebration and indulgence, but it does not mean we have to abandon our healthy eating habits. With some simple strategies, you can enjoy the festive season while still prioritising your well-being.

 

Photo by krakenimages on Unsplash

 

  1. Plan Ahead and Prioritize

Before the holiday season begins, take some time to plan your meals and activities. Set realistic goals and focus on maintaining rather than losing weight. Prioritize nutrient-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Fill your plate with these healthier options before reaching for the less nutritious ones.

 

  1. Practice Portion Control

During holiday gatherings, it is easy to overindulge in calorie-dense foods. Instead, practice portion control. Enjoy a small portion of your favourite treats while filling most of your plate with vegetables and lean proteins. Listen to your body’s hunger and fullness cues, and avoid eating mindlessly. Slow down, savour each bite, and engage in conversations to help you become more mindful of your eating habits.

 

  1. Make Smart Substitutions

Swap out unhealthy ingredients with healthier alternatives when cooking or baking. For example, use whole wheat flour instead of refined flour, Greek yogurt instead of sour cream, or applesauce instead of oil in baked goods. Experiment with herbs, spices, and citrus flavours to enhance the taste of dishes without adding excess salt or sugar. These simple substitutions can significantly reduce calorie intake without compromising on taste and enjoyment.

 

  1. Stay Active

Physical activity is an integral part of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, even during the holidays. Engage in activities that you enjoy, such as walking, dancing, or playing outdoor games with family and friends. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week, along with muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days. Stay consistent with your exercise routine to counterbalance any extra calories consumed during holiday meals.

 

  1. Practice Mindful Eating

Mindful eating involves paying attention to the present moment and being fully aware of your food choices, hunger, and satiety signals. Slow down and savour each bite, appreciating the flavours and textures of the food. Minimize distractions like television or smartphones while eating to fully focus on your meal. This practice can help prevent overeating and promote a healthy relationship with food.

 

With a little planning, mindfulness, and smart choices, you can enjoy the holiday season without sacrificing your health and fitness goals. By following the above recommendations, you can savour the festive flavours while nurturing your well-being and setting a positive example for others. Wishing you a happy and healthy holiday season!

 

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